{"id":15742,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/scores/15742/","number":0,"title":"Complete Score","edition":null,"piece":{"id":9068,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/pieces/9068/","slug":"kreisleriana-op-16","title":"Kreisleriana, Op. 16","description":"Kreisleriana, Op. 16, is an eight-movement composition for solo piano by Schumann. Subtitled Phantasien für das Pianoforte, it was written in 1838 and dedicated to Frederic Chopin. A very dramatic work, it is considered to be one of Schumann's finest compositions. The work's is based on the character Johannes Kreisler, from the works of E.T.A. Hoffman. Mirroring the character's manic-depression -and recalling Florestan and Eusebius- each number of the work has wildly contrasting sections. Schumann used material from the eighth movement, \"Schnell und spielend\", for the fourth movement of his first symphony.","movements":"","composer":{"id":35,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/composers/35/","slug":"robert-schumann","first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Schumann","date_of_birth":"8th June 1810","place_of_birth":"Zwickau, in the Kingdom of Saxony (now Germany)","date_of_death":"29th July 1856","description":"Robert Schumann was a German composer, aesthete and influential music critic. He is regarded as one of the greatest and most representative composers of the Romantic era. Schumann left the study of law, intending to pursue a career as a virtuoso pianist. He had been assured by his teacher Friedrich Wieck that he could become the finest pianist in Europe, but a hand injury caused by a device he created to develop the strength and independence of his fingers ended this dream. One of the most promising careers as a pianist had thus come to an end. Schumann then focused his musical energies on composing. Schumann's published compositions were written exclusively for the piano until 1840; he later composed works for piano and orchestra; many lieder (songs for voice and piano); four symphonies; an opera; and other orchestral, choral, and chamber works. His writings about music appeared mostly in the Neue Zeitschrift für Musik (New Journal for Music), a Leipzig-based publication which he jointly founded.","image":"https://s.musopen.org/media/images/composers/RobertSchumannSchumannII.png","is_featured":false,"is_bookmarked":false},"form":{"id":76,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/forms/76/","slug":"piano-piece","name":"Piano piece","description":"","is_bookmarked":false},"period":{"id":4,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/periods/4/","slug":"romantic","name":"Romantic","description":"The term 'Romantic music' denotes a period of Western academic music that lasted throughout most of the 19th century, framing itself in Romanticism, the European artistic and literary movement. Romantic music is often characterized as being a reaction to the contained elegance and purity of the Classical period, though the reality is far more complex. Romantic composers were often fascinated with several -often contradictory- subjects: Nature and man's constant struggle against it, everything supernatural and fabulous, the mythical past, the autobiographical and the heroic, the isolated genius, the future of mankind. Improvements in instrumental design and technique, and the growth of orchestras, expanded the possibilities for composers. The rise of the middle class and the emancipation of musicians from courts and patrons represented a change in the way music reached the society. Some of the Romantic composers took an interest in nationalistic music, expressing the state of turmoil that Europe suffered. Musical forms continued to develop: while symphonies became longer and more complex, short musical forms blossomed (such as Chopin's nocturnes). Interest in preservation of the music of the past grew, as well as the will to develop music beyond its current state in terms of form, harmony, counterpoint, etc. ","is_bookmarked":false},"instruments":[{"id":37,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/instruments/37/","slug":"piano","name":"Piano","description":"The piano is a keyboard-based music instrument. Its versatility and pervasiveness, together with its polyphonic capabilities have made it one of the world's most employed instruments, and a crucial piece in the development of the Western musical tradition. It's name is a shortened form of 'pianoforte', terms which in Italian respectively mean 'soft' and 'loud', referring the fact that the pianoforte had the capability of producing variations in volume which previous keyboard instruments could not.\r\nStandard pianos have 52 white keys and 36 black ones, for a total of 88. They are chordophones: pressing any key activates a mechanism which makes a hammer strike a set of strings. The sound produced is amplified via the soundboard and body of the piano. \r\nBeing one of the most influential instruments in the history of music, the piano has undergone many changes and technological innovations, from the insertion of the damper and tonal pedals, to the creation of electric, electronic, and digital pianos.","image":"https://s.musopen.org/media/images/instruments/pexels-juan-pablo-serrano-arenas-1246437_1.jpg","is_bookmarked":false}],"key":{"id":12,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/keys/12/","slug":"f-major","name":"F Major","is_bookmarked":false},"licenses":["CC-BY"],"avg_duration":32,"practice_difficulty":"medium","rcm_difficulty_level":"","rating":5.0,"hits":31973,"is_bookmarked":false},"key":null,"instruments":[],"rating":0.0,"fileurl":"https://dl.musopen.org/sheetmusic/b1f2e090-34fc-4a30-9197-cd3a6458de77.pdf?filename=Complete%20Score.pdf","is_bookmarked":false}