{"id":19627,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/scores/19627/","number":0,"title":"Complete Score","edition":null,"piece":{"id":11478,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/pieces/11478/","slug":"2-old-english-songs-for-string-quartet-h119","title":"2 Old English Songs for String Quartet, H.119","description":"","movements":"","composer":{"id":383,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/composers/383/","slug":"frank-bridge","first_name":"Frank","last_name":"Bridge","date_of_birth":"26th February 1879","place_of_birth":"Brighton, England","date_of_death":"10th January 1941","description":"Frank Bridge was an English composer and violist. He was born in Brighton and studied at the Royal College of Music in London from 1899 to 1903 under Charles Villiers Stanford. He played the viola in a number of string quartets, most notably the English String Quartet (along with Marjorie Hayward), and conducted, sometimes deputising for Henry Wood, before devoting himself to composition, receiving the patronage of Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge. Bridge had strong pacifist convictions, and he was deeply disturbed by World War I, after which his compositions were marked by a radical change in musical language. Bridge is mostly remembered for privately tutoring Benjamin Britten, who later paid homage to him in the Variations on a Theme of Frank Bridge (1937), based on a theme from the second of Bridge'sThree Idylls for String Quartet (1906). Britten was Bridge's only composition pupil, and he spoke very highly of his teaching, stating in 1963 that he still felt he \"hadn't come up to the technical standards\" that Bridge had set him.","image":"https://s.musopen.org/media/images/composers/Frank-Bridge.jpg","is_featured":false,"is_bookmarked":false},"form":{"id":39,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/forms/39/","slug":"quartet","name":"Quartet","description":"A quartet is a piece written to be performed by a string quartet ensemble (two violins, a viola, and a cello). Since the 18th century, the string quartet has gained a place as one of the most important chamber music forms. With only four instruments and an homogeneous sound palette, the composer is faced with a task that doesn't allow for colouristic effects or innecesary textural enrichment. The standard structure for a quartet is in four movements: the first in sonata forms, the second a slow movement, the third a minuet, and the fourth a sonata or rondo.","is_bookmarked":false},"period":{"id":57,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/periods/57/","slug":"early-20th-century","name":"Early 20th Century","description":"The late 19th century saw the final expansion of post-romantic languages, with composers such as Richard Strauss and Gustav Mahler pushing the boundaries of the functional tonality. Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel were at the same time developing what most authors call the impressionist style, which was to become one of the transitional movements into the music of the 20th century. The reaction to the exhaustion of the tonal system was a generalized break with it, which was carried in diverse ways by different composers at the beginning of the new century. Arnold Schoenberg developed atonality, and later he created the twelve tone system, though this may be considered as a continuation of the post-romantic spirit rather than a complete break with it. Other movements arose, such as futurism, expressionism, neoclassicism, experimentalism, etc. Some of the notable names of the early 20th century are: Arnold Schoenberg, Anton Webern, Alban Ber, Igor Stravinsky, Jean Sibelius, Charles Ives, Maurice Ravel, Claude Debussy, Isaac Albeniz, Filippo Marinetti, Bela Bartok, Leos Janacek.","is_bookmarked":false},"instruments":[{"id":167,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/instruments/167/","slug":"string-quartet","name":"String Quartet","description":"The string quartet is one of the most important chamber ensembles in Western classical music. It consists of two violins, a viola and a violoncello. This choice of instruments probably derives from the standard treatment of human-voice registers (with the soprano and alto being represented by the violins, the tenor by the viola, and the bass by the cello). String quartets almost invariably play pieces conceived for such ensembles, also called 'string quartets'. ","image":"https://s.musopen.org/media/images/instruments/Hart_House_String_Quartet_1935.jpg","is_bookmarked":false}],"key":{"id":3,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/keys/3/","slug":"d-major","name":"D Major","is_bookmarked":false},"licenses":[],"avg_duration":7,"practice_difficulty":"medium","rcm_difficulty_level":"","rating":0.0,"hits":5834,"is_bookmarked":false},"key":null,"instruments":[],"rating":0.0,"fileurl":"https://dl.musopen.org/sheetmusic/4115e98a-4164-4ca4-890a-165e67671388.pdf?filename=Complete%20Score.pdf","is_bookmarked":false}