{"id":5429,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/scores/5429/","number":0,"title":"12 etudes dans les tons mineurs, op.39 - 4-7. Symphonie","edition":null,"piece":{"id":2420,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/pieces/2420/","slug":"symphonie-for-solo-piano-op-39-no-4-7","title":"Symphonie for solo piano, Op. 39 (No. 4-7)","description":"part of the \"12 etudes in the minor keys\"","movements":"","composer":{"id":154,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/composers/154/","slug":"charles-valentin-alkan","first_name":"Charles-Valentin","last_name":"Alkan","date_of_birth":"30th November 1813","place_of_birth":"Paris, France","date_of_death":"29th March 1888","description":"Charles-Valentin Alkan was a French composer and one of the greatest virtuoso pianists of his day. He entered the Paris Conservatoire at the age of six, earning many awards, and as an adult became a famous virtuoso and teacher. Although early in his life he was socially active and good friends with prominent musicians and artists including Eugène Delacroix, Franz Liszt and Frédéric Chopin, he gradually withdrew from the concert platform after 1848, and he lived a reclusive life in Paris until his death. Like Chopin, Alkan wrote almost exclusively for the keyboard, although in Alkan's case this included the organ and the pédalier (a piano with a pedal board), of which he was a noted exponent. Some of his music requires a dazzling virtuosity, calling for extreme velocity, enormous leaps at speed, long stretches of fast repeated notes, and the maintenance of widely-spaced contrapuntal lines. His music has been reviewed as \"ferociously\" and even \"impossibly\" difficult to play.\n","image":"https://s.musopen.org/media/images/composers/Charles-Valentin_Alkan.jpg","is_featured":false,"is_bookmarked":false},"form":{"id":17,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/forms/17/","slug":"symphony","name":"Symphony","description":"A symphony is a multi movement piece of music, most often written for a large instrumental force. The term has varied in meaning since its origins in ancient Greece. During the Baroque period, the terms symphony and sinfonia (its equivalent in some romance languages) were used to describe several instrumental forms, usually part of larger works (such as three part inventions). During the 18th century, the term symphony was often interchangeable with the term 'overture'. In fact, the fast-slow-fast structure of the Italian overture, together with the sonata form, exerted a big influence on the development of the 'traditional' or Romantic symphony form, which ultimately came to be defined as: an opening allegro movement in sonata form, a slow movement, a dance movement, and a second fast movement, usually a rondo or a set of theme+variations. During the Romantic period composers experimented with variations on this layout, and included programmatic elements into their symphonic compositions.","is_bookmarked":false},"period":{"id":4,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/periods/4/","slug":"romantic","name":"Romantic","description":"The term 'Romantic music' denotes a period of Western academic music that lasted throughout most of the 19th century, framing itself in Romanticism, the European artistic and literary movement. Romantic music is often characterized as being a reaction to the contained elegance and purity of the Classical period, though the reality is far more complex. Romantic composers were often fascinated with several -often contradictory- subjects: Nature and man's constant struggle against it, everything supernatural and fabulous, the mythical past, the autobiographical and the heroic, the isolated genius, the future of mankind. Improvements in instrumental design and technique, and the growth of orchestras, expanded the possibilities for composers. The rise of the middle class and the emancipation of musicians from courts and patrons represented a change in the way music reached the society. Some of the Romantic composers took an interest in nationalistic music, expressing the state of turmoil that Europe suffered. Musical forms continued to develop: while symphonies became longer and more complex, short musical forms blossomed (such as Chopin's nocturnes). Interest in preservation of the music of the past grew, as well as the will to develop music beyond its current state in terms of form, harmony, counterpoint, etc. ","is_bookmarked":false},"instruments":[{"id":37,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/instruments/37/","slug":"piano","name":"Piano","description":"The piano is a keyboard-based music instrument. Its versatility and pervasiveness, together with its polyphonic capabilities have made it one of the world's most employed instruments, and a crucial piece in the development of the Western musical tradition. It's name is a shortened form of 'pianoforte', terms which in Italian respectively mean 'soft' and 'loud', referring the fact that the pianoforte had the capability of producing variations in volume which previous keyboard instruments could not.\r\nStandard pianos have 52 white keys and 36 black ones, for a total of 88. They are chordophones: pressing any key activates a mechanism which makes a hammer strike a set of strings. The sound produced is amplified via the soundboard and body of the piano. \r\nBeing one of the most influential instruments in the history of music, the piano has undergone many changes and technological innovations, from the insertion of the damper and tonal pedals, to the creation of electric, electronic, and digital pianos.","image":"https://s.musopen.org/media/images/instruments/pexels-juan-pablo-serrano-arenas-1246437_1.jpg","is_bookmarked":false}],"key":{"id":26,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/keys/26/","slug":"a-flat-minor","name":"A Flat-Minor","is_bookmarked":false},"licenses":[],"avg_duration":84,"practice_difficulty":"hard","rcm_difficulty_level":"","rating":0.0,"hits":7119,"is_bookmarked":false},"key":null,"instruments":[],"rating":0.0,"fileurl":"https://dl.musopen.org/sheetmusic/6e61da71-ba8c-4c79-8f67-0d9fe4840e8a.pdf?filename=12%20etudes%20dans%20les%20tons%20mineurs%2C%20op.39%20-%204-7.%20Symphonie.pdf","is_bookmarked":false}