{"id":66896,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/scores/66896/","number":1,"title":"110 Progressive Exercises (Part 2)","edition":null,"piece":{"id":31064,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/pieces/31064/","slug":"110-progressive-excercises-op453","title":"110 Progressive Excercises, Op.453","description":"","movements":"","composer":{"id":2043,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/composers/2043/","slug":"carl-czerny","first_name":"Carl","last_name":"Czerny","date_of_birth":"21st February 1791","place_of_birth":"Vienna","date_of_death":"15th July 1857","description":"Carl Czerny was an Austrian composer, teacher, and pianist of Czech origin. He was born in Vienna to a musical family and was considered a child prodigy: he began playing piano at age three and composing at age seven. Among his teachers were Wenzel Czerny (his father), Clementi, Hummel, Salieri and Beethoven. Though he made appeareances from his early childhood, he was never confident in his abilities as a \"showman\" piano performer (as required at that time) and resolved to withdraw permanently from the stage, devoting himself only to private recitals and piano teaching. He developed close relationships with Beethoven, Liszt, and other prominent musicians of the time. Czerny's body of work is still being rediscovered, including more than a thousand pieces. He composed not only piano music (of which the most known are his didactic pieces), but also masses and choral pieces, symphonies, concertos, songs, string quartets and other chamber works.  He was one of the first composers to use étude (\"study\") for a title. ","image":"https://s.musopen.org/media/images/composers/Czerny-Carl-Portrait.png","is_featured":false,"is_bookmarked":false},"form":{"id":124,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/forms/124/","slug":"etude","name":"Etude","description":"An étude (French for 'study') is a solo instrumental piece. Originally études were conceived as technical exercises, focusing on a particular technique and structured to work as practice material for perfecting a particular skill. During the 19th century, the growing popularity of the piano as a home instrument helped develop a tradition of etude-writing, that culminated with études becoming concert pieces. Nowadays, certain sets of études are still used in a pedagogical context (such as those by Sor, or Clementi), while études by composers such as Chopin, Liszt, or Debussy, have acquired a repertoire status, and proven to be among the most difficult pieces in the repertoire.","is_bookmarked":false},"period":{"id":4,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/periods/4/","slug":"romantic","name":"Romantic","description":"The term 'Romantic music' denotes a period of Western academic music that lasted throughout most of the 19th century, framing itself in Romanticism, the European artistic and literary movement. Romantic music is often characterized as being a reaction to the contained elegance and purity of the Classical period, though the reality is far more complex. Romantic composers were often fascinated with several -often contradictory- subjects: Nature and man's constant struggle against it, everything supernatural and fabulous, the mythical past, the autobiographical and the heroic, the isolated genius, the future of mankind. Improvements in instrumental design and technique, and the growth of orchestras, expanded the possibilities for composers. The rise of the middle class and the emancipation of musicians from courts and patrons represented a change in the way music reached the society. Some of the Romantic composers took an interest in nationalistic music, expressing the state of turmoil that Europe suffered. Musical forms continued to develop: while symphonies became longer and more complex, short musical forms blossomed (such as Chopin's nocturnes). Interest in preservation of the music of the past grew, as well as the will to develop music beyond its current state in terms of form, harmony, counterpoint, etc. ","is_bookmarked":false},"instruments":[{"id":37,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/instruments/37/","slug":"piano","name":"Piano","description":"The piano is a keyboard-based music instrument. Its versatility and pervasiveness, together with its polyphonic capabilities have made it one of the world's most employed instruments, and a crucial piece in the development of the Western musical tradition. It's name is a shortened form of 'pianoforte', terms which in Italian respectively mean 'soft' and 'loud', referring the fact that the pianoforte had the capability of producing variations in volume which previous keyboard instruments could not.\r\nStandard pianos have 52 white keys and 36 black ones, for a total of 88. They are chordophones: pressing any key activates a mechanism which makes a hammer strike a set of strings. The sound produced is amplified via the soundboard and body of the piano. \r\nBeing one of the most influential instruments in the history of music, the piano has undergone many changes and technological innovations, from the insertion of the damper and tonal pedals, to the creation of electric, electronic, and digital pianos.","image":"https://s.musopen.org/media/images/instruments/pexels-juan-pablo-serrano-arenas-1246437_1.jpg","is_bookmarked":false}],"key":null,"licenses":[],"avg_duration":null,"practice_difficulty":null,"rcm_difficulty_level":"","rating":0.0,"hits":9377,"is_bookmarked":false},"key":null,"instruments":[],"rating":0.0,"fileurl":"https://dl.musopen.org/sheetmusic/9380f4ba-51b3-4863-b372-3fd4097206f7.pdf?filename=110%20Progressive%20Exercises%20%28Part%202%29.pdf","is_bookmarked":false}