{"id":6957,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/scores/6957/","number":0,"title":"Complete score","edition":"","piece":{"id":3599,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/pieces/3599/","slug":"cello-sonata-in-e-minor-rv-40","title":"Cello Sonata in E minor, RV 40","description":"Antonio Vivaldi wrote a set of six sonatas for cello and continuo, written between 1720 and 1730, and published in Paris in 1740 by Leclerc and Boivin. These sonatas were published without an opus number; sometimes they are improperly called op. 14.\nIn addition to this publication, Vivaldi wrote at least four other cello sonatas. The manuscripts of two of these are kept in the library of the conservatories of Naples, and another is kept in the castle of Wiesentheid. One sonata in D minor (RV 38) has been lost.","movements":"","composer":{"id":128,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/composers/128/","slug":"antonio-vivaldi","first_name":"Antonio","last_name":"Vivaldi","date_of_birth":"4th March 1678","place_of_birth":"Venice, Italy","date_of_death":"28th July 1741","description":"Antonio Lucio Vivaldi (nicknamed \"The Red Priest\" because of his red hair) was an Italian Baroque composer, priest, and virtuoso violinist, born in Venice, and widely recognized as one of the greatest Baroque composers. His influence during his lifetime was widespread over Europe. He is mainly known for his instrumental concertos -especially for the violin- as well as his sacred choral works and over 40 operas. His best known work is a series of violin concertos known as The Four Seasons. Many of his compositions were written for the female music ensemble of the Ospedale della Pietà, a home for abandoned children where Vivaldi worked in the 1703-1715 and 1723-1740 periods. After meeting the Emperor Charles VI, Vivaldi moved to Vienna hoping for preferment. The Emperor died soon after Vivaldi's arrival, and the composer died a without a steady source of income. Though Vivaldi's music was well received during his lifetime, it later declined in popularity until its vigorous revival in the first half of the 20th century. ","image":"https://s.musopen.org/media/images/composers/AntonioVivaldipng.png","is_featured":false,"is_bookmarked":false},"form":{"id":15,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/forms/15/","slug":"sonata","name":"Sonata","description":"A sonata is a work in three or four movements (rarely two, or more than four) for a single instrument or a small number of performers. The term evolved through the history of music, designating a variety of forms prior to the Classical era. By the early 19th century the word came to define a multi movement work, almost always including a first movement in the so called 'sonata form', a second movement of a slow, contrasting character; a dance for third movement, and a finale in a rondo, theme and variations, or sonata form. The term 'sonata form' refers to the layout of the first movement of a sonata, which confronts two main themes of different quality, develops them and then recapitulates. This soon became a basic principle in academic music writing. It was applied to many forms of large works, and, together with the fugue, defined the composition and musical analysis procedures for almost a century. Today it is still widely studied, and sonatas continued to be written, even if musical languages have changed.","is_bookmarked":false},"period":{"id":2,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/periods/2/","slug":"baroque","name":"Baroque","description":"Baroque music describes a period or style of European classical music approximately extending from 1600 to 1750. This era is said to begin in music after the Renaissance, and was followed by the Classical period. The word \"baroque\" came from the Portuguese word barroco, meaning \"misshapen pearl\", an initially derisive characterization of the architectural style of this period; later, the name came to be applied also to its music. The baroque period saw the development of functional tonality, as well as the crystallization of the harmony and counterpoint rules which came to define the 'common practice period' (which extends from the baroque to the late romantic). Nowadays baroque music constitutes an important part of the academic music canon, being widely studied, performed, and listened to. It is associated with composers such as Antonio Vivaldi, George Frideric Handel, Arcangelo Corelli, Tomaso Albinoni, and Johann Sebastian Bach, all of which played an essential role in the development of modern musical concepts. During the baroque period a number of genres were established (such as the opera and the oratorio), the way was paved for new genres (such as the classical sonata and the symphony), and composers expanded the theoretical basis of music composition, making advances in musical notation and instrumental technique.","is_bookmarked":false},"instruments":[{"id":203,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/instruments/203/","slug":"cello","name":"Cello","description":"The violoncello (or cello) is an instrument from the violin family. It has four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It became popular in the first decades of the 18th century, eventually replacing the bass violin and other mid-sized similar bowed chordophones. Nowadays the can be found in orchestras or a solo instrument, and less frequently in some modern ensembles, including rock bands. Music for the cello is usually written in the bass clef, but both tenor and treble clefs are used for high passages.","image":"https://s.musopen.org/media/images/instruments/cello.jpg","is_bookmarked":false},{"id":73,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/instruments/73/","slug":"solo-instrument-and-piano","name":"Solo Instrument and Piano","description":"","image":null,"is_bookmarked":false}],"key":{"id":14,"url":"https://api.musopen.org/v2/keys/14/","slug":"e-minor","name":"E Minor","is_bookmarked":false},"licenses":["CC-PD"],"avg_duration":20,"practice_difficulty":"hard","rcm_difficulty_level":"","rating":4.77,"hits":59594,"is_bookmarked":false},"key":null,"instruments":[],"rating":0.0,"fileurl":"https://dl.musopen.org/sheetmusic/599db172-593a-41b4-bc44-5b88f20420cf.pdf?filename=Complete%20score.pdf","is_bookmarked":false}